SEMANTIC AND GRAMMATICAL ANALYSIS OF ENGLISH ECONOMIC LOANWORDS BORROWED INTO THE UZBEK LANGUAGE
Keywords:
loanwords; economic terminology; Uzbek language; semantic analysis; grammatical analysis; language borrowing; corpus linguistics; lexical innovationAbstract
The rapid integration of English economic terminology into the Uzbek language represents one of the most significant linguistic phenomena of the post-independence era in Uzbekistan. This study presents a systematic semantic and grammatical analysis of English economic loanwords borrowed into Uzbek, examining their phonological adaptation, morphosyntactic transformation, and semantic shift patterns. Drawing on a corpus of 150 economic loanwords extracted from Uzbek financial media, legislative documents, and business discourse (2000–2024), the research employs descriptive-analytical, corpus-based, and comparative methodologies. The findings reveal that 68% of loanwords undergo semantic narrowing upon borrowing, 17% exhibit semantic broadening, and 15% demonstrate semantic shift. Grammatically, 74% of English economic loanwords are integrated as nouns, 18% as verbs (through Uzbek verb-forming suffixes), and 8% as adjectives. The study further identifies four dominant adaptation models: phonological, morphological, semantic, and hybrid. These findings carry significant implications for Uzbek lexicography, higher education language policy, and the standardization of economic terminology in national academic discourse.
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