EFFECT OF CHEMOTHERAPY ON RENAL TISSUE AND ITS MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES

Abstract

Relevance: Chemotherapy, despite being an effective and widely used method in the treatment of oncological diseases, is characterized by systemic toxic effects that lead to profound morphofunctional changes in various organs, particularly in renal tissue [1]. Since the kidneys play a key role in the excretion of cytostatic drugs, nephrotoxic complications are considered among the most frequent and severe adverse effects of chemotherapy [2]. Numerous studies have investigated the pathogenetic mechanisms of chemotherapy-induced nephrotoxicity, emphasizing that toxic damage to renal tissue occurs through several interrelated pathways [1,4]. These include increased oxidative stress, excessive production of reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial dysfunction, activation of apoptosis and necrosis in tubular epithelial cells, as well as impairment of renal microcirculation.