PSYCHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF WOMEN’S AGE PERIODS AND THEORIES OF AGE PERIODIZATION
Keywords:
Women’s psychology, age periods, periodization theories, psychological development, identity, gender roles, body image, emotional state, generativity, psychosocial development.Abstract
This article analyzes the psychological characteristics of women’s development across different age periods and the major theoretical approaches to age periodization. Particular attention is given to such criteria as biological maturation, leading activity, psychosocial tasks, social relationships, gender roles, and life experience. Drawing on the views of Sigmund Freud, Erik Erikson, Lev Vygotsky, Daniil Elkonin, Elizabeth Bromley, and Carol Gilligan, the article examines the specific features of women’s age-related development. The formation of identity during adolescence, the establishment of close relationships in early adulthood, the development of generativity and social responsibility in middle adulthood, and the reassessment of life experience in later stages are described. The influence of puberty, reproductive activity, motherhood, menopause, body image, and social roles on women’s emotional states is also discussed. The study demonstrates that examining women’s development through the interaction of biological, psychological, and social factors provides an important methodological basis for psychodiagnostics, psychological counselling, and psychocorrection.
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