AUTIZM SPEKTR BUZILISHI: ETIOLOGIYASI, PATOGENEZI VA KLINIK KECHISHI
Keywords:
autizm spektr buzilishi, etiologiya, patogenez, klinik kechish, diagnostika, neyrobiologiya, bolalar nevrologiyasi.Abstract
Autizm spektr buzilishi (ASB) — markaziy nerv tizimining rivojlanishiga oid murakkab neyrobiologik holat hisoblanib, ijtimoiy muloqot va kommunikativ faoliyatning buzilishi, stereotip xatti-harakatlar hamda cheklangan qiziqishlar bilan xarakterlanadi. So‘nggi yillarda autizmning tarqalish ko‘rsatkichlari ortib borayotgani ushbu muammoning nafaqat tibbiy, balki ijtimoiy va pedagogik ahamiyatini ham kuchaytirmoqda. Ushbu maqolada autizm spektr buzilishining etiologik omillari, patogenetik mexanizmlari, klinik namoyon bo‘lish shakllari hamda diagnostik jihatlari keng yoritilgan. Genetik predispozitsiya, prenatal va perinatal xavf omillari, neyroximik va immunologik o‘zgarishlarning autizm rivojlanishidagi o‘rni ilmiy manbalar asosida tahlil qilinadi. Shuningdek, autizmning erta klinik belgilarini aniqlash, differensial diagnostika va reabilitatsion yondashuvlarning zamonaviy tamoyillari ko‘rib chiqilgan.
References
1. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5)
2. World Health Organization. Autism spectrum disorders. Geneva, 2023.
3. Leo Kanner. Autistic Disturbances of Affective Contact. Nervous Child, 1943.
4. Hans Asperger. Die Autistischen Psychopathen im Kindesalter, 1944.
5. Sadock B.J., Sadock V.A. Kaplan & Sadock’s Synopsis of Psychiatry. — New York, 2021.
6. Volkmar F.R. Autism and Pervasive Developmental Disorders. Cambridge University Press, 2020.
7. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Autism Spectrum Disorder Data and Statistics.
8. Lord C., Brugha T.S. Autism spectrum disorder. Lancet Journal, 2020.
9. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 21-edition. Philadelphia, 2022.
10. Aminov A., Bolalar nevrologiyasi asoslari. Toshkent, 2021.
