THE ROLE OF CIVIL DEFENSE IN ENSURING THE STATE DEFENSE CAPACITY DURING THE SECOND WORLD WAR
Keywords:
Second World War, Uzbekistan, local air defense, civil defense, mass mobilization, sanitary squads, evacuation, defense infrastructure, military cooperation, post-war reconstruction.Abstract
This article examines the formation, institutional development, and practical activities of the local air defense system in Uzbekistan during the Second World War, based on archival sources and historical materials. The study analyzes the organization of civilian protection against air and chemical attacks, the establishment of self-defense groups, the development of sanitary squads, and the implementation of mass training programs between 1941 and 1945. Particular attention is given to the evacuation and accommodation of displaced populations, measures to combat infectious diseases, the training of medical personnel, and efforts aimed at strengthening defense infrastructure.
The article also explores the cooperation between the local air defense system and the armed forces, the experience of large-scale public mobilization, and the system’s role in post-war reconstruction. It concludes that the local air defense structure evolved beyond its initial local framework and became a nationwide mechanism for protecting the rear, forming an essential component of the state’s defense capacity.
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