MULTIPLE FREIGHT TRANSPORT OPTIONS
Keywords:
freight transport, multimodal transport, intermodal logistics, transport mode selection, supply chain management, MCDA, sustainability, logistics optimizationAbstract
In contemporary logistics systems, reliance on a single mode of freight transport has become increasingly inefficient due to rising costs, infrastructure constraints, environmental regulations, and growing uncertainty in global supply chains. As a result, the selection among multiple freight transport options—including road, rail, maritime, air, and multimodal combinations—has emerged as a critical strategic decision for logistics operators and supply chain managers. This study examines multiple freight transport options through an IMRAD-based research framework, focusing on the trade-offs between cost, transit time, reliability, risk, and environmental sustainability. The methodology integrates multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) with optimization principles to evaluate transport alternatives under different operational scenarios. The results demonstrate that multimodal and intermodal transport solutions often outperform single-mode transport in terms of resilience, environmental performance, and overall service reliability, particularly for long-distance and high-volume freight movements. The study concludes that a systematic, criteria-based selection of freight transport options enhances supply chain efficiency, robustness, and sustainability.
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